Written By: Corinne Howe, PT, DPT
What is RED-S?
RED-S, or Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport, results in impaired functions such as metabolic rate, menstrual function, bone health, immunity, protein synthesis, and cardiovascular health. This condition arises when an individual’s caloric intake does not meet the energy demands of daily activities and exercise habits.
Key Symptoms of RED-S in Postpartum Women
The energy demands of postpartum women differ significantly from those at other life stages. Factors to consider include daily activity energy demands, breastfeeding status, sleep quality, and exercise-related energy demands. Key symptoms in postpartum women with RED-S can include:
- Amenorrhea
- Sleep disturbances
- Stress fractures
- Pelvic floor dysfunction
- Compromised psychological well-being
How to Prevent RED-S?
To prevent RED-S, it’s crucial to consider all the systems that contribute to overall health. These include physical conditioning, body mass changes, sleep patterns, postpartum status, breastfeeding status, and psychological well-being.
The Role of Physical Therapy in Managing RED-S and Returning to Sport
Identifying Signs of RED-S
Physical therapists (PTs) are trained to recognize the signs and symptoms of RED-S. Early identification is key to preventing long-term health issues and ensuring a safe return to sport. PTs can assess energy levels, nutritional intake, and overall physical health to identify potential deficiencies.
Tailored Rehabilitation Programs
PTs can design individualized rehabilitation programs that address the specific needs of postpartum women. These programs focus on gradually increasing activity levels while ensuring adequate energy intake to support both daily activities and exercise. Key components include:
- Strength Training: To improve bone health and reduce the risk of stress fractures.
- Pelvic Floor Exercises: To address pelvic floor dysfunction and improve core stability.
- Cardiovascular Conditioning: To safely enhance cardiovascular health without exacerbating symptoms of RED-S.
- Nutritional Guidance: While PTs are not dietitians, they can work alongside nutrition professionals to ensure adequate caloric intake.
Monitoring and Adjusting Activity Levels
Regular monitoring and adjustments to activity levels are essential to prevent overtraining and ensure that energy demands are met. PTs can help postpartum women gradually increase their exercise intensity while monitoring for any signs of RED-S recurrence.
Psychological Support
The psychological aspect of recovery from RED-S cannot be overlooked. PTs can provide support and resources for managing stress, improving sleep quality, and addressing any mental health concerns that may arise during the postpartum period.
Returning to Running Postpartum
Returning to running postpartum should be a gradual process. PTs can create structured running programs that start with low-impact activities and gradually progress to higher-intensity running. This approach helps ensure that the body is ready to handle the physical demands of running without risking further injury or exacerbating RED-S symptoms.
Conclusion
Physical therapy plays a crucial role in helping postpartum women recover from RED-S and safely return to their preferred sport. By addressing both the physical and psychological aspects of recovery, PTs can help ensure a balanced approach to health and fitness.
For personalized guidance and support in managing RED-S and postpartum return to running, visit FXPhysicalTherapy.com.
References
Donnelly, G. M., Brockwell, E., Rankin, A., & Moore, I. S. (2022). Beyond the musculoskeletal system: Considering whole-systems readiness for running postpartum. Journal of Women’s Health Physical Therapy, 46(1), 48–56. https://doi.org/10.1097/jwh.0000000000000218
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